Gabon ratified the Rome Statute in 2000. On 29 September 2016, following a referral by the government of Gabon, the ICC announced a preliminary examination into alleged crimes after May 2016, related to the contested 2016 presidential elections

In November 2010, the ICC prosecutor announced the opening of a preliminary examination into a situation of armed conflict, largely between Nigerian security forces and the terrorist group Boko Haram.

The ICC prosecutor opened a preliminary examination in 2004 to assess whether to formally investigate alleged crimes against humanity and war crimes by government, rebel, and paramilitary forces, taking into account the progress of peace talks in Colombia

On February 2018, the ICC announced a preliminary examination into crimes allegedly committed in Venezuela. On 2018 & 2020, the OTP received 2 referrals by a group of States and Venezuela on crimes against humanity allegedly committed in the country.