In July 2012, Mali referred the situation in its territory to the ICC in response to the emergence of an Islamist rebellion in the North and the ousting of President Touré shortly before the presidential elections.
Gabon ratified the Rome Statute in 2000. On 29 September 2016, following a referral by the government of Gabon, the ICC announced a preliminary examination into alleged crimes after May 2016, related to the contested 2016 presidential elections
In November 2010, the ICC prosecutor announced the opening of a preliminary examination into a situation of armed conflict, largely between Nigerian security forces and the terrorist group Boko Haram.